the designer's aims for the rendering of the the 58 f1.4G, aka the Neo-Noct. I value my copy highly and I recall you have also used this 58
actually I have 58/1.4 from Voigtläner. It is also a very special lens. Voigtländer is a kind of afordable Zeiss (and produced in Cosina, too)
@NorthernFocus , I often take the same pictures with the different lens on the same body and can see the difference! Sometimes I even can determine the lens looking at the picture - so different they are. So, I would say the lenses make the difference at the first stage.
But you are right, the bodies make the difference, too. Especially during the last years when AI (firmware/software) comming into play. I think, we even don't know how really good or bad some of the Z-lenses are. Becasue they all are corrected in the camera! And when NEF-files (or other RAW files) are comming into processing software (like Abode) then the profiles are applied just before you are going to make some changes, they are some kind of display profiles to show the picture (each brand has its own) or you can display with embedded profile, for exaple.
I am waiting for some kind of bokeh made by the camera firmware. So, imagine you take a picture with 400/4.5 and it looks like 400/2.8
So, maybe it is quite possible in the future. If it will get the quality of Zeiss transition from sharp to unsharp - this is the other question ;-)
According to my observations each lenses-brand has some specific features. For example Zeiss lenses have the excellent 3D, contrast and transition from sharp to unsharp. They also have the best dynamic range - I can still recover some highlights and shadows from Zeiss but cannot from Sigma, for example. But Sigmas have nice bokeh ;-) By the way Zeiss lenses have lead in the glass (not coating), this is why they are so heavy. Takumar lenses have radioactive thorium in glass-elements.
I let to measure the radio-activity of one Takumar lens in a certified labor and they counted the amount of hours I can have it in front of my eye per year without any qustions of some consequences. It was 200 hours/year. Even Nikon has some redioactive lenses (old ones). So, they put those radioactive elements for refraction index.
The lenses with field curvature have nice 3D -effect. The lenses with low elements-count have nice colours (for example Nikkor 180/2.8) but sometimes horribe CAs. Almost each lens has its own character. And sometimes I need to take it in account (like or example., don't take pictures with 180/2.8 against the light).
And now those CAs can be corrected by firmware. I think, such lens wih low elemens is Nikkor Z 40mm f2. So, actually they can build some interesting lens without some correction troubles which can be made in post! The new world of opportunities for designers! And that big mount (Z=55mm) and that flange distance, oooooh!! I think, we will see some very interesting lenses with pronounced character!