The Develop module does not use your 1:1 previews. It generates it's own preview from the original image data plus your edits. It writes this data to the Camera Raw Cache. This is not the same as 1:1 previews stored in your catalogue. It helps to increase the size of this Camera Raw Cache (try 20Gb+, Preferences>Performance tab). Also, check where LR is storing this cache (Preferences>Performance tab). You really want this to be stored on a very fast disk. If it is on a slow spinning volume, your develop module previews will feel slow to render. Finally, the number of edits, particularly brushed and masked edits, will impact cache retrieval speed. If you have a lot of that type of edit (e.g. hundreds of brush strokes), they are best done in PS if you want fast Develop module preview rendering.