The reasons for blurry images would most likely be a combination of multiple factors you mentioned.I recently shot a private concert, shooting over a crowd of about 50 seated people at 200mm f2.8, 1/200s. The two best shots of the lead performer came out slightly blurry. I was beside myself since the performers on stage formed a unique combination..
In desperation, I ran the images through Topaz Photo AI and it cleaned them up perfectly. I am not sure what caused the blurriness: missed focus, motion blur or heat distortion.
Still, has anyone found one of these recent AI programs useful for known atmospheric distortion correction?
I ran a couple images from last winter where I was shooting snow geese over a field on a bright sunny but very cold day. First, horrible conditions for photography but it was what I had to work with.
I ran them through Topaz and while there may have been some incremental gains, the results were not spectacular. A couple were usable but not "cover shot" quality.
Jeff